We use quantum-foundations mathematics to verify legal citations — catching hallucinations that single-signal methods provably cannot.

Built on patented quantum measurement science, Q-Verity doesn't just check if a case exists — it verifies whether the AI told the truth about what the court held, and it does so in real time.

Q-Verity — Citation Verification
Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137 (1803)
Exists in case law database
Name match
Date verified
Holding accurate 99.8%
Verified
Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968)
Exists in case law database
Name match
Date verified
Holding mismatch 34.2%
Claimed: "established probable cause for stop-and-frisk"
Actual: "reasonable suspicion, not probable cause"
Divergence: Layers 16–24, segments 4–6
Holding Inaccurate
Henderson v. United States, 602 U.S. 230 (2023)
Not found in case law database
Fabricated Citation
1 Verified 1 Holding Inaccurate 1 Fabricated
100% Citation existence verification
SOTA On public hallucination benchmarks
144 Dimensions of verification
<10s Per citation check

The courts are already acting. Are you?

In June 2023, attorneys Steven Schwartz and Peter LoDuca were sanctioned $5,000 by Judge Kevin Castel in Mata v. Avianca for submitting a brief with six fabricated case citations generated by ChatGPT. The cases sounded real. The citations looked real. None of them existed. Since then, the problem has accelerated — and evolved. Today, the most dangerous hallucinations aren't missing cases. They're real cases with fabricated holdings.

Mata v. Avianca, Inc.
S.D.N.Y., 2023
$5,000 sanctions for six fabricated ChatGPT citations. The landmark case that exposed AI hallucination risk in legal practice.
Park v. Kim
E.D.N.Y., 2024
Attorney sanctioned and required to notify clients after submitting AI-fabricated case citations.
Kruse v. Karv Communications
D. Colo., 2024
Sanctions for nonexistent AI-generated case law. Courts showing decreasing patience with the problem.
Ex parte Lee
Texas, 2024
Fabricated citations in a habeas corpus petition. Disciplinary consequences for the attorney.
Fifth Circuit Standing Order
2024
Court-wide rule requiring certification that all AI-generated citations have been verified by a human.
ABA Formal Opinion 512
2024
Rules 1.1 (Competence) and 3.3 (Candor) require lawyers to verify all AI-generated output. No exceptions.

Over 100 federal judges now require AI disclosure.

The question is no longer whether you need to verify AI-generated citations. It's how — and how deeply.

Two problems. Most tools solve only one.

Checking if a citation exists is straightforward — look it up in a database. But what about when the case is real and the AI lies about what it held? That's the harder problem, and it's where Q-Verity's patented science operates.

Database lookup tools

Can the case be found?

  • Citation exists in database
  • Party names match
  • Date and court match
  • AI misrepresented the holding
  • Subtle doctrinal distortions
  • Inference-time hallucination detection

Surface-level checks. The case is real, so it passes — even when the AI fabricated the holding.

Q-Verity dual-boundary verification

Is the claim about the case true?

  • Citation exists in case law database
  • Party names match
  • Date and court match
  • Holding verified across 144 dimensions
  • Doctrinal distortions detected
  • Patented inference-time verification

Measures the geometric relationship between the AI's claim and the court's actual opinion using a patented quantum measurement technique.

The holding check is what sets Q-Verity apart

Any tool can check if a case exists. Only Q-Verity measures the alignment between what the AI claims a case held and what the court actually held — detecting subtle misstatements like "applied strict scrutiny" when the court actually applied rational basis review, or "upheld the statute" when it was struck down. This capability is patented and cannot be replicated by database-lookup approaches.

Verification everywhere you write

Q-Verity works where you work — inside your browser while drafting with AI, and inside Microsoft Word for final review. Two environments, one verification engine, complete coverage.

In the browser — catch it at the source

1

Draft as usual

Write your brief, memo, or motion in ChatGPT or any AI assistant. Change nothing about your workflow.

2

Click "Check Citations"

One button, right in the AI interface. Q-Verity scans every citation in the response.

3

Verified in seconds

Every citation checked for existence against authoritative case law databases and holding accuracy across 144 dimensions.

4

Clear report

Each citation flagged as verified, mismatched, not found, or contradicted — with an explanation of why.

In Microsoft Word — the final audit

1

Open your document

Q-Verity sits in the Word ribbon. Run a full-document citation audit before filing.

2

Generate certification

Produce the verification record courts require — formatted for attachment to filings under AI disclosure standing orders.

Patented. Published research. Quantum-founded.

Q-Verity is not built on prompt engineering or statistical heuristics. It is built on a patented measurement apparatus that operates at the hardware level during inference, analyzing the geometric structure of truth across 144 dimensions.

100%

Citation existence

Every citation verified against authoritative case law databases. If a citation isn't in the record, it doesn't exist.

SOTA

Benchmark-leading detection

Exceeds prior state-of-the-art on standard public hallucination-detection benchmarks under 5-fold cross-validation.

144

Dimensions of analysis

Each citation measured across 144 interpretable dimensions of a neural cross-encoder — from surface token similarity to deep structural alignment. Every flag comes with an explanation of where the divergence occurs.

81,670×

Boundary specificity

Correct references produce signal. Random references produce none. This is not a statistical artifact — it measures real structure in the geometry of meaning.

International patent protection

The dual-boundary controller for maintaining informational equilibrium during inference is protected by international patent filings. The quantum measurement technique that powers Q-Verity's holding verification cannot be replicated by classical approaches.

🎓

Developed by EISM

Built by the European Institute of Science in Management. Validated on 29,887 items across four benchmarks under rigorous 5-fold cross-validation.

Inference-time verification

Q-Verity's patented controller operates during inference — analyzing the AI's output at the moment of generation, not after the fact. A stateless electronic governor that modulates execution without retraining the underlying model.

What Q-Verity catches that others miss

Tested against the brief in Mata v. Avianca

We ran Q-Verity against the actual brief filed by attorneys Schwartz and LoDuca — the filing that resulted in $5,000 in sanctions and made international headlines. The results:

6/6

Fabricated citations caught. Every phantom case identified as nonexistent in the record.

3

Additional holding misrepresentations detected in citations to real cases that a database-only tool would have passed.

38s

Total verification time for the entire brief. A task that took the court weeks to uncover.

A database lookup catches the six fake cases. Q-Verity catches those and the three holdings that were subtly wrong — the kind of error that survives a basic existence check and misleads the court.

Built for the legal profession

Q-Verity serves every part of the legal system that relies on accurate citations.

Start verifying in under two minutes

All plans include a 14-day free trial. No credit card required.

Solo
$99/mo
For individual practitioners
  • Unlimited citation checks
  • Citation existence + research-backed holding verification
  • Browser extension + Word add-in
  • Verification audit trail
  • Email support
Request Access
Enterprise
Custom
For Am Law 200 firms
  • Everything in Team
  • API access
  • SSO & SAML
  • Compliance audit logs
  • Dedicated account manager
Contact Sales

The math is simple

$99/month is less than 6 minutes of billable time at standard rates. One sanctions motion costs $5,000 minimum — plus the reputational damage that no amount of money repairs. One malpractice claim costs your career. Q-Verity is not an expense. It is the cheapest insurance a litigator can buy.

See full plan details on the pricing page.

Every day without verification is exposure

The sanctions in Mata v. Avianca were $5,000. The reputational damage was incalculable. Don't be the next headline.

Book a Demo Request Access

No credit card required. Browser extension + Word add-in. Working in under two minutes.